Apparatus for producing gas from liquid hydrocarbons.



J. M. WILLARD. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GAS PROM LIQUID HYDROGARBONS.

APPLIUATION 11,121) my 1. 190B.

921 ,934. Patented May 18, 1909.

5 SHBETS8HEET 1.

J. M. WILLARD. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GAS FROM LIQUID HYDBOGARBONS.

APPLIUATIOH FILED HAY 7,1908.

Patented May 18, 1909.

J. M. WILLARD.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GAS FRUM LIQUID HYDROGARBONS.

APPLIGATTON FILED MAY 7,1908

Patented May 18, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

John M [Mild/d. 6

ZkZ/ke! '7? mm 14% fa 422g,"-

J. M. WILLARD. APPARATHS FOR PRODUCING GAS FROM LIQUID HYDROGARBONS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7,1908.

921 ,934. Patented May 18, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET Li JOHN M. WILLARD, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GAS FROM LIQUID HFDROCARBON S.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 7, 1908.

Patented May 18, 1909.

Serial No. 431,625.

tile products from nonvolatile portions of To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN M. VVILLARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Producing Gas from Crude 011 and other Li uid Hydrocarbons and Oils, of which the to lowing is a specification.

This invention is ap licable for producing gas for use in interna combustion engines and for fuel, illumination, and other puroses, from crude oils of the character found in southernCalifornia and elsewhere, having an asphaltic base. It is also applicable for roducin gas from oils having a paraffin use, an from other oils.

An object of the inventionis to provide an apparatus whereby a maximum amount of as for use in internal combustion engines and elsewhere may be obtained from asphaltic or other oils, in the most convenient and economical manner. The invention is applicable for the manufacture of gas that may be stored in a gasholder for a limited time at determined temperatures for intermittent use, and is also applicable for direct use in an internal combustion engine and elsewhere.

The invention is especially designed for the automatic reduction of gas as needed,

so that no 1101 or is required, the gas being produced as it is used. The production of the gasis eifected by a current of air which me be supplied in some instances by a bio. er or air-compressor, and in other instances b, suction of an engine or other device in w ich the gas is to be consumed.

' The invention may be ap lied in various forms, and'I donot limit tie same to any specific form of apparatus.

In the accompanying drawings the invention will be illustrated in a form adapted to supply, an internal combustion engine with gas from crude oil having non-volatile, tarry,

or waxy constituents.

'It is to be understood that the term gas as used in this specification does not necessarily refer to a fixed and permanent gas but includes such forms of va orpus or gaseous fuels as may be produced rem the materials operated on by means of the apparatus dc scribed under the conditions attending such operation.

The apparatus is a plicable for refining purposes as it is capab e of separating volahydrocarbon li uid, and such volatile portions may be su scquently reduced to li uid form by a suitable condensing means, il ustration of which is unnecessary.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the. invention.

Figure 1 is a fragments] plan of the ap- Earatus omitting any mechanism that may e employed for inducing the air current and for supplying the oil, and also omitting the tar-trap shown in Fig. 15. The pipe connections are broken. Fig. 2 is a fragmented axial section on line indicated by at", Fig.- 1, of one 'lornroi' apparatus embodying this 1nvention. Fig. 3 is afragmental lan section on line a Fig. 2. Fig. 4is an en arged detail in axial section, of a form of injector em loyed to atomize the oil. Fig. 5 is an en arged axial section illustratin trols the level of the oil in the oil-well shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is an enlarged, fra mental, sectional detail of the lower end of t e bafile shown in Figs. 2 and 8. Fig. 7 is a plansection on line as, Fig. 6. Fi 8is an axial section illustratin another iorm in which the invention may -embodied. Fig. Qis'ti lan of the oil-well contrivance of Fig. 8, detac d. Fig. 10 is an axial section of. another form more particularly designed for use with parailin oils or other oils of light character and for machines of larger capacity than the forms shown in the preceding views. 11 is a plan section on line xf, Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is an axial section of another form of apparatus especially designed for use with paraflih oils, distillates and other light oils, and in which apparatus provision is made for circulation of oil between the injector and the oil-reservoir. mental detail of the injector and Oil-0km}- latin apparatus shown in Fig. 12 Fig. 14 is a p lan section on line in, Fig. 13. V Fig. 15 is a fragmental elevation of apparatus embodying theinvention. The tar-trap omitted from the other views but preferably em-' ployed with all the forms illustrated, is shown in vertical axial section. Fragments of sllppoi ts omitted from the other views are also'shown in this view.

the valve that coni Fig.

In the several views similar parts are desig natcd by like characters alccompanied in some instances by indices to distinguish the dix'i'erent forms. In the description notice of the indices will usually be om tted. 1 designates a container comprising an up pergasifying chamber 2 and a lower oil-well 3. ihe gasifying chamber may be separated from the oil-well by a transverse conical dia hragm 4 provided in its apex with an on ce 5 and forming around the walls of the container 1 a drain or gutter 6 draining into a tar well 7 which extends from the gutter to discharge outside of the container and is closed at its discharge outlet bya valve 8.

. nozzle 15,

9 designates an air-pipe which may in some instances lead from an air-compressor not shown, and in other instances where suction is depended upon for'the supply of air, may lead directly through heating means not shown, from the atmosphere or other air source, and discharge a current of air into the gasii'ying chamber 2, through an miector or spraying device 10 comprising the oi zipipe 11, the lower end of which is open an 10- chamber 2.

'17 designates means to supply oil to the oil-well 3. It is to be understood that said means must be of such a character as to counterbalance any pi essurci produr ed in the container 1 by any compressed air introduced through the pipe 9 in case an air-compressor is used. It is to be-understood that this means shall be 01 such form that it will maintain a given oil level against either thepressure n case a compressor is used, or fluctuating suction in case themachine is operated by suction of an internal combustion engine.

18 designates a'gas outletleading from the" upper part of the gasii'ying chamber.

19 is a heating chamber surrounding the oil well and a large portion of the gasii'ying chamber; the purpose being to heat the container 1 to cause production of the gas that is to be discharged through the gaspipe 18. The heat for the heatin chamber 19 may be supplied in any desirab e manner, as for instance the introduction thereinto through a ort 20 of the exhaust from an internal comustion engine, not shown, which may be supplied with fuel from the gas-pipe 18.

21 designates the exhaust ort from the hea'tin .chamber 19. 22 designates baffles in the eating chamber 19 to properly direct the heating medium through said chamber.

23 designates a removable head for the gasifying chamber secured in place by bolts 24, and 25 designates a head for the heating chamber, the same being interposed between the head 23 and the top 26 01 the container 1 said bolts 24 extending therethrough and into the body of the container, thus to at once secure both the heads 23 and 25 to said body.

27 designates bo'lts se(urin the head 25 of the heating chamber to the cdy 28 of said heating chamber which may be provided with a flange 29 for this purpose. The body 28 of the heating chamber may be symmetrically constructed, as shown, and providcd with flanges 29, 29 at 0p )ositc ends. A head 25, corresponding to the head 25, may

.be fastened to the body 28 in. a n u'lncr corresponding to that above described, and a head 23 secured thereto by bolts 24; the onl dif- Terence between the heads 23 and 23 eing V that they are provided respectively with the requisite orifices; the head 23 being fitted to receive the gas-pipe 1S, and the head 23 being adapted to rec eive the air-pipe 9, oil-pipe 17, the drain-pipe, the tar well 7, and in some forms an oil-overflow pipe 53.

31 designates the stand-pipe portion of the oil-supply means, the same being provided with perforations 32 to emit oil laterally and rovided with a valve-seat 33 at the bottom or a puppet 34 which is connected. by a connection 35 with a float 36 which is arranged to seat the puppet 34 in the valve-scat 33 whenever the oil rises to a determined level below the top of the oil-pipe 11 of the injector; the pur ose being to prevent an undue flow or any eakage of oil through said oilpipe 11.

37 designates a pressure relief valve in the oil-supply-pipe 17 to prevent excessive flow of oil therethrough in case oil is supplied by a ump.

lhe tar-well may comprise an auxiliary reservoir 38, and a main reservoir 39 arranged below the auxiliary reservoir and coniiected therewith, by a valve-pipe 40 in which the valve 8. is arranged. The main reservoir 39 has an outlet 41 1n the bottom closed b a closure 42 held in place by any suita le means, as the screw 43.

A removable lining wall 44 of sheet iron or other suitable material, may be inserted into t1 cOIltftlllQI, when the head 23 is removed, and may consist of a plain or corrugated sheet bent into sleeve form with the edges lapped so that the resiliency of the sheet will tend to hold the sheet where )laced in the container, thus protecting t e container ithir and forming a lining for the vaporizii-g or gasilying chamber to assist iItl'ClflOV- ing 1 crtain non-liquid and non-volatile ortions of the hydrocarbon that might 0t er wise adhere to the fixed walls of the vaporizing and gasifying rlmniber.

45 designates an inverted conical bafiie of sheet metal or other suitable material provided at its larger end with projr-(tions 46 to extend to and rest upon the upper end of the .the lower end.

'3" may be cast oi a single cylinder 44, whereby the bafiie ma. be supported at the upper end of the cy nder 44 within the container 1. Said baffle 18 preferably hollow and provided with perforations 47 at the upper end, and with an orifice 48 at {we 48 when suction through said orifice 48vi's suflicient to lift the valve: Said valve is sup ported by a stem 50 held by a cross-piece 51 which is normally su orted by a seat 52 in the smaller end of sai bafile 45.

In the form shown in Fig. 8 the gutter 6 extends entirely to the lower head 23", thus dispensing with the conical diaphragm, and

in this form the wall of the oilru ell 3 is vertical and the injector is arranged to discharge through the orifice 15". The oil-well 3" is provided with an overflow 53 to maintain the oil level at the proper height in. the oilpipe 11', of the injector. In this form the oil-well lower head 23", said oil-we being of less diameter than the chamber of the container 1', thereby providing a gutter 6 equal to the depth of the oil wel wa ls In this form the oil-supply pi e 17" and the oil overflow pipe 53 are provi ed with check valves 54", 55", to revent reverse flow of the oil or other medium in the intake and overflow pi es. In Fi 10 a form isshown in which t e oilwell 3 is elevated above thefloor of the vaporizing or gasifying chamber 2'. In. this form the gutter space 6 around the oilwell 3" between the same and the walls of the container is' an equivalent of the gutter shown in the other views, the head 23" serving as the bottom of such gutter to convey the tar or other residual material to the tarwell or trap 7". In this form the oilswell is provided with an overflow 53 corresponding to that shown in Fig, 8, and the pipe 11' is bent to bring it into the airipe.10' below the le el of the oil-well oor, thus to avoid, the necessity of carrying a large body of oil in the 0llwell and to give sufficient length to the injector nozzles. The oil-su ply pipe 17" and the oil overflow pipe 53 are provided respectively with check-valves 54' and55 to prevent reverse flow of oil.

It is to be understood that with the forms shown in Figs. 8 and 10 the current of air is induced by the suction of an internal combustion engine. In case the air current is induced by a com )ressor or blower the means for maintaining, t 1e oil-level shown in Fig. 5 and described as applying to Fi' .2, would be applied to the forms shown in% i s. 8 and 10, and the oil overflows 53 and 53 would not be needed. It is also to be understood that the various means for maintaining the oil-level "are interchangeable in the various formsjof'apparatus to adapt the same respectively for use with or without suction as may be required.

49 is a valve to close the oripiece with the I I In the form shown in Fig. 12 the oil-well 3" is elevated as in Fig. 10, and its inner wall 56 flares upwardly, and through its bottom, or most constricted portion a nozzle 57 extends upwardlv the same being closed at its upper end and provided with lateralo enin 58 below the top of the inner wall 0 the oil -well. 'l he overflow pipe 53"" is connected to the nozzle 57 by a hip )le 59 and is provided with an enlarged 0 number; 60 lnto which the air-pipe 9', o ens at 61. form the gutter space 6 around theoil-well 3" between the same and the walls of the container, is an equivalent of the gutter shown in the other views, the head 23" serving as the bottom of such gutter to convey the tar or other residual material to the I tar-well or trap 7.

a designates an auxiliary oil reservoir supplied through a pipe I) and havin the level of its oil maintained by an over ow pipe 6 which leads to the main reservoir or source of so ply, not shown.

n the form shown in Fig. 12, at each suction stroke of the engine the check-valve 55"." closes and the suction is efl'ective through the oil-pipe 17", whose valve 54" is opened-by the suction to supply oil to the oil-wel When the oil has thus risen in the oil-well to the top of the inner wall thereof it overflows said wall and thence reaches the ports 58 in the nozzle 57. At each suction stroke of the engine, air is drawn through the air-pipe 9 into the enlarged chamber 60 of the overflow oil-pipe 53" and out through the ports 58 of the nozzle 57, taking up a portion of the oil and spraying or vaporizin the same and directing it upwardly into t e gasif ing chamber and to and against the we is thereof. Any surplus oil that flows over the inner wall 56 will fall throug-h the pipe 53 to the valve 55 through which it may ass between the suction strokes; thence to t e pipe (I, where it may again be taken up by theoilipe 17" at a succeeding suction stroke. T e pi e d is constantly supplied from the auxiiary reservoir (1. as the gasifying operation continues.

In all of the views shown the vapor from the nozzles is directed upwardly in such a manner as to reach to, or nearly to the upper end of the 'gasif ing chamber as well as impinging against t 1e outside walls. In case the oilused is of light gravity so that tl'i' volatile portions of it are re idly separated from the no'rkvolatile, it is at visable that the nozzle .be nearer the to of the gasifying chamber than in cases were heavier Oils are to be va orized.

r j 11 practical'operation the current of hit flows throu h the oil at the lower portion or bottom of t e vaporizing or gasifymg chamher; said oilbein delivered to said current of air at the nozz e end of the oil- .ipe 11 in all of the forms shown, excepting t at shown in Fig. 12, and the airthus operates to throw upwardly and outwardly a spray of atomized 1 paratus the llow oil which impinges eventually against the may be induced either by heated walls of the gasil'ying c number. The spray ol ntomizcd oil is thus acled'upon by ti o heated contents ol the rln'nnbcr. and also by the direct heat of the walls ol' the cham her, and in case lll'l od air is used for the current ol air, the heat thus carried assists in the act of gasil'yiug of the oil or bringing the same to a high condition ol' vaporization. 'lhe non-volatile products of the oil being thus directed against the walls of the gasil'yiug chamber, adhere thereto and How along to the gutter or space (5 around the oil-well, and are thence conducted to the tar-trap 7. Upon striking; the walls of the gasilying chamber, the oil will drain down thereupon, giving oll' during its course the oi the engine acts the volatile portions downward thcrc census of oil into the oil-well 3 the suction of an internal combustion engine, or by action of gravity, or by the operation of a pump. .fhcn supplying gas to an engine the piston as a pump, and on its suction stroke causes a vacuum in the gas chamber .2 which causes check-valve 54 to open, allowing an inrush ol' oil; and also cluarla-valvc as at 55" to close, thus preventing back llow of oil.

in the form of valve shown in i igs. 2 and .3 the lloat $56 will scat the valve 3a against its seat 33 waencvor the oil reaches the determined level; but when a lloat-v'z'rlvc is not used an ovcr-llmv, as at 53 must be provided,

and in such case the check-valve as at 55 will open between the suction strokes, thus last degree of its volatile portion so that only the non-volatile and residual portions of the oil reach the gutter around the oilwell, from whence they are drained into the tar-well 7. Certain portions of the residual matter will become dried upon the walls of the gas chamber, and by inserting a plain or corrugated sleeve, as before described, the progress of this draining oil can be retarded, giving greater opportunity for distillation, and any portions which may become dried upon the walls may be removed from tine to time by removing the top head of the container and withdrawing the lining upon which these deposits have accunmlated, whereupon a new the cap re laced and operation resumed with but slight loss of time.

In order to increase the heating; surlace of the gasil'ying chamber and to baflle the gases, and thus retard their passage into,

the gas outlet, the conical bat to, as before described, is placed in the upper part of the 1 cylinder. On the suction stroke of an engine the valve at the tip of this cone will be closed by the upwardly-rosin]lg gas, so that the only course for the gas in its path to the gas-outlet is through the extreme upper part of the gas chamber and through the ports 47 in the upper portion of the cone. This serves the purpose of drawing" the spray or lining may be inserted,

allowing the surplus oil to ovcrllow through 53 and to return to the reservoir.

When a float-valve is used, a power-driven supply pump, not shown, may be used, with the apparatus running either under pressure or suction, and in that case the pressure-reliefalve 37 must be placed in the oil-su )plypipe between the pump and the float-Va ve to allow escape of oil in case the float-valve closes.

it is to be understood that the term nonvolatile as used in tl's specification is intended to refer to the elements which do not become volatilized in the operation of the apparatus.

1 clain11--- 1. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid comprising a vaporizing or gasifying chamber, means to heat the chamber,

means to spray hydrocarbon upwardly and atomized. oil into the uppermost parts oi the chamber, so that it will have a greater dis-- tance to drain along; the chamber-u alls, iving increased oi wportunity l'or distillation.

ctween suctioirsti'olms ol' the engine the valve at the tip of the cone will open, allowing any liquid which may have been drawn into the cone to escape through theopening i at such. tip whence it will, with drainage from the outer surface of the cone, drop into the upwardly-rushing spray and be thrown onto the walls of the gas chamber [or final distillation and delivery of its residual products into the tar-well.

In practical use with any form of the apoutwardly through the. chamber to the walls thereof, means to maintain in the chamber, a supply of hydrocarbon with its top surface below the outlet of the spraying means, means to emit gas or vapor from the cha1nher, llltztnsdfl collect residue from the walls, and moansto discharge the same from the chamber.

2. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid, comprising a vaporizing or gasifying chamber having upright walls, means to 1 heat said walls, means to spray hydrocarbon upwardly, through the chamber to an against said 'ulls, means to maintain in the chamber a so )ply of hydrocarbon with its top surface be ow the outlet of the spraying means, means to emit gas or vapor from the chamber, means to collect residue fgomsaid walls. and means to discharge thesalne from the chamber.

3. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid comprising a vaporizing or gasifyiag chamber having upright corrugated walls, means to heat said walls, means to s n'ay hydrocin'bon upwardly and outwardly through the chamber to said walls, means to emit gas or vapor from the chamber, means causes to collect residue from the walls, and means to discharge the same from the chamber.

4. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid comprising a vaporizing or asifying chamber having upright walls, a hollow baffle extending downwardly into the chamber, means to spray hydrocarbon upwardly through the chamber between the baffle and the walls of the chamber and to and against said walls and baflle, means to heat the walls of the chamber, means being provided to allow gas or vapor to pass from the chamber into the baffle, means to drain residue from the interior of the bafile, means to emit gas or vapor from within the baflle, means to collect residue from the walls of the cham bar, and means to discharge such residue from the chamber.

5. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid comprising a va orizing or asifying chamber havin uprigt walls, a 'ollow inverted conical ba eextending downwardly into the chamber and provided with ports at its u per and lower ends, and a drain valve for t e lower port, means to heat the walls of the chamber, means to spray hydrocai bon upwardly through the chamber, and into the' space between said baffle and the walls of the e amber and against the baffle and the Walls of the chamber, means to emit gas or va' or within the bafil'e, and means to col ect and remove residue from thewalls of the chamber.

6. The combination with a vaporizing or gasify'ing chamber, of means to heat the walls of said chamber, a well to hold a body of hydrocarbon in said chamber for heating such body, means to supply hydrocarbon to said well, upwardl directed means arranged to receive heate hydrocarbon from said body and extending above the level of the hydrocarbon, and to spray the same upwardly throu h said chamber to and against the walls of t e chamber, means to emit gas or vapor from the chamber, means outside said well to collect residue from thewalls of said chamber, and means to discharge said residue from said chamber.

7. An a paratus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid: having inlet and exhaust orts, a vaporizing or gasifying chamber within said heating chamber, means to supply h 'drocarbo'n liquid into the bottom of sai gasifying chamber, u wardl -directed means extending above t e love of said 11' uid to project a current of heated air upwarllly to carry the hydrocarbon fluid from the bottom of said gasifying chamben'to and against the walls of said chamber, means to collect and remove from said gasifying chamber the nonvolatile portions of said hquid, and means to discharge gas from the gasifying chamber.

8. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid; comprising a heating chamber, a

comprising a heating chamber vaporizing or gasifying chamber within said heating chamber, means to su ply hydrocarbon liquid into the bottom 0 said gasifying ;-chamber, an upwardly-directed lnjGCtOl' or spraying device extending above the level of said li uid, to project a current of heated air upwar 1y through the hydrocarbon liquid in the bottom of said gasilying chamber, means to collect and remove from said gasifyin chamber the non-volatile portions of sai liquid, and means to discharge gas from the gasifying chamber.

9. The combination with an oil well of a vaporizing or gasifying chamber thereabove an injector havin an open end in the oil well with its outlet a )ove the oil level and arranged to discharge oil upwardly into the gasifying chamber, an air pipe to supply a current of air to the injector, means to su ply oil to the oil well, means to discharge gas rom the gas-ifying chamber, means for heating the oil well and gasifying chamber, and means to collect and remove from said gasifying chamber the non-volatile portions of said oil.

; 10. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid comprising a vaporizin or gasifying chamber having upright cy 'ndrical walls, means for heating said walls means for spraying h 'drocarbon upwardly through the contents of said chamber to and against said walls, means to emit as or vapor from said chamber, means to codlect residue from said walls and means to remove the same from the c amber.

11. Tvr'ro cylinders, one within the other to form a central chamber surrounded by an annular chamber, means to supply a heating medium to the annular chamber to heat the" central chamber, means to spray hydrocar bon u .wardly through the contents of the centre :chamber and against the upright walls of said chamber, means to emit gas or va or from the central chamber, means to co ect residue from said walls, and means to chamber, means to supply hydrocarbon to the oil well, an upwardly directed nozzle adapted and arranged to receive a supply 0f h drocarbon from said oil well, means to supp y a current of air to said nozzle, to spray said oil upwardly and outwardly against the walls of the inner chamber, means to dis charge gas from the inner chamber, means outside the well to collect residue from the walls of the chamber, and means to discharge the said residue from the chamber.

13. An ap aratus for producing gas fponi' crude oil an the like comprising a conta ner divided into an upper vaporizing or gasifying chamber and a lower gi l-well, by a transverse and gasifying chamber.

, SIXTH.

conicql diaphragm providedin its a an on 108 and forming around the we 3 of the container a gutter, means for draining the gutter, means for closing the draining means, I an in'ector having an open end in the oil-well and eing directed upwardly to discharge through the diaphragm upwardly into t e gasifying chamber, means to supply a current of air to the injector nozzle, means to supply oil to the oil-well, and means to discharge gas from said chamber.

14. An apparatus for producing gas from crude oil and the like, comprising a con ainer divided into an upper vaporizing or gasifying chamber and a lower oil-well, by a transverse conical diaphragm provided in its apex with an orifice andforming around the walls of the l container a gutter, means for draining the l gutter, means for closing the draining means, l an iuicctor having an open end in the oil-well and bei v directed upwardly to discharge through tie orifice into the gasifying chamber, means to supply a current of air to the in'ector nozzle, means to supply oil to the r oil-well, and means for heating the oil-well l 15. The combination with an oil-well, of a vaporizing or gasiliying chamber thcreabove, l a gutter arran 0 around an orifice and l ainst the wal s of said chamber, between e oil-well and the gasiiying chamber, an 'in'ector having an open end in thc oil-well and arranged to discharge oil upwardly through the orifice into the gnsil'ying chamber, means to supply a current of air to the injector, means to supply oil' to the oil-well, means to drain the gutter, means to discharge gas from the gasifying chamber, and means for heating the gasifymg chamber.

16. The combine tion with an oil-well, of a vaporizing or gasifyl'ing chamber thereabove, a gutter between t e oil-well and the gasifyingchamber, arranged a ainst the walls of said chamber and aroun an orifice, an injcctor having an open end in the oil-well and ed to discharge oil upwardly through the orifice into the gasil'ying chamber, means to supply a current 0 air to the injector, means to supply oil to the oil-well, means to drain the gutter, means to discharge as from the asifymg chamber, and means or heating-t 1e oil-well and gasil'ying chamber.

17. In an apparatus for vaporizing h drocarbonliquids in which the vaporizing 0 am her is contained within the heating chamber, means to remove the non-liquid and nonvolatile portion of said liquid from the vaporizing chamber com rising a removable protecting cylinder wit iin and forming a lining for the Va orizing chamber substantially as described ierein.

18. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid comprising a vaporizingor gasif i'ngcharnber having upright wal s, a ba e extending downwardly into the chamber,

x with ineans to spray hydrocarbon upward throu h the chamber between the baffle and the walls of the chamber and to and against said walls and bafile, means to heat the walls of the chamber, means being provided to allow gas or vapor. to pass into the baflie, means to drain residue from the interior of the baffle, means to emit gas or vapor from within the baflle, means to collect residue from the walls of the chamber, and means to discharge such residue from the chamber.

' 19. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid comprising a vaporizing or gasifying chamber havin uprig t walls, a'hollow inverted conical be e extending downwardly into the chamber and provided with orts at its upper and lower ends, means to lent the walls of the chamber, means to s ray hydrocarbon upwardlgethrough the c amber and into the space tween said bafiie and the walls of the chamber and against the bafilc and the walls of the chamber, means to emit gas or vapor from within the baffle, and means to collect and remove residue from the walls of the chamber.

20. The combination with a vaporizing or gasifyin chamber, of means to heat the walls of the c amber, a hollow baflic extendin downwardly into the chamber, a well to hol a bodyxof hydrocarbon in said chamber for heating such body, means to supply hydrocarbon to said well, upwardl directed means arranged to receive heate hydrocarbon from said body and to spray the same through said chamber between the baflle and the walls of thechamber andto and against said walls and baffle, means to emit as or vaplor from the chamber, means outsi c said we to collect residue from the walls of said chamber, and means to discharge said residue from said chamber.

21. The combination wi -h a vaporizing or gasifying chamber, of means to neat the walls of said chamber, a hollow inverted conical 'baflie extending downwardly into the chamber and provided with ports at its upper and lower ends and a drain valve for t e lower port, a well to hold a body of hydrocarbon in said chamber for heating such body, means to supply hydrocarbon to said well, upwardly-d1rccted means arranged to receive heated hydrocarbon from said bod and to spray the same upwardly t rough t is chamber to and against the walls of the chamber, means to emit gas or va or from the baflie, means outside said we to collect residue from the walls of said chamber, and means to dischar c said residue from said chamber.

22. he combination with a vaporizing or gasifying chamber, of means to heat the walls of said chamber, a hollow inverted conical baffle extending downwardly into the chamber and provided with ports at its up .er and.

lower ends, a well't'o hold a body 0 hydrocarbon in said chamber for heating such bed means to supply hydrocarbon to said we upwardl -directed means arranged to receive heated hydrocarbon from said body and to spray the same upwardly through the chamber to and against the walls of the chamber, means to emit gas or vapor from the bafiie, means outside said well to collect residue from the walls of said chamber, and means to discharge said residue from said chamber.

23. An apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquid comprising a vaporizing or gasifying chamber having upright walls, a baffle extending downwardly into the chamber, means to spray hyfirocarbon upwardly through the chamber etween the baffle and the walls of the chamber and to and against said walls and baffle, means to heat the chamber, means to emit gas from the chamber, means to collect residue from the walls of the chamber, and means to discharge such residue from the chamber.

24. The combination with a vaporizing or gasifying chamber, of means to heat ,the walls of said chamber, a hollow baffle extending' downwardly into the chamber, a well to hol a body of hydrocarbon in said chamber for heating such bod means to supply hydrocarbon to said we 1, upwardly-directed means arranged to receive heated hydrocarbon from said body and to spray the same upwardly through said chamber between the baflle and the walls of the chamber and to and against said walls and baflle, means to allow the gas or vapor to pass from the chamber into the baflle, means to emit as from the bafllc, means outside said we 1 to collect residue from the walls of the chamber, and means to discharge said residue from said chamber.

25. The combination with an oil well, of a vaporizing or gasifying chamber thercabove, a gutter between the walls of the oil-well and the gasifying chamber arranged against the walls of said chamber and around an orifice, an injector havin 7 an open end in the oil-well and arranged to L ischargc oil upwardly from the orifice into the gnsilying chamber, means to supply a current of air to the injector, means to supply oil to the oil-well, means to drain the gutter, means to discharge as from the asil'ying chamber, and means or heatingit c oilwcll and the asiiying chamber.

n testimony whereo I have hereunto set my hand. at .LJOS Angeles, California, this 27th day or" April, 1908.

J. M. WILLARD.

in presence of- JAMES R. TOWNSEND, M. BEULAH TOWNSEND. 

